Ingredient caution: niacinamide is usually gentle but might cause tingling or flushing in very reactive skin; alpha arbutin, kojic acid might cause tingling, dryness or redness in sensitive skin; cleansing surfactants might cause dryness, stinging or tightness if overused. Do a patch test before applying. Start slowly if your skin is sensitive and avoid combining too many new actives at once. First-time users should start 3–4 times a week and pair with sunscreen, because pigmentation care works best with UV protection. Use lukewarm water, do not scrub, and follow with moisturiser. Avoid during pregnancy or breastfeeding unless your doctor approves. Stop use if irritation persists.